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Biblia-zbior ksiag religijnych judaizmu i chrzescijanstwa


Biblia czyli Pismo Swiete Starego i Nowego Testamentu, to zbior ksiag religijnych judaizmu i chrzescijanstwa. Biblia powstawala w ciagu wiekow i przyjmuje sie, ze najstarsze teksty Starego Testamentu powstaly w XIII w. p.n.e. a najmlodsze pochodza z w. I p.n.e. Ksiegi Nowego Testamentu umieszcza sie przedziale od 51 do 96 r. po narodzeniu Chrystusa.

Biblia zajmuje niezwykle miejsce w kulturze swiata stajac sie zrodlem kultury europejskiej.

W sferze moralnej przyjeto powszechnie uznawac prezentowane w niej przykazania dekalogu za podstawe stosunkow miedzyludzkich.

W sferze kulturowej stala sie inspiracja dla literatury, rzezby, malarstwa i muzyki; skarbcem wzorow osobowych i postaw, fabul, watkow i motywow, metaforyki i stylistyki. Dzielo powszechnie znane, interpretowane i wykorzystywane stanowi wspolny repertuar srodkow wyrazowych, ktore poprzez literature weszly do jezyka potocznego. Przeklady

Najdawniejszym tlumaczeniem Starego Testamentu pochodzacym z III-II w. p.n.e. jest Septuaginta, czyli tlumaczenie "siedemdziesieciu". Byl to przeklad na j. grecki sporzadzony w Aleksandrii dla Zydow nie wladajacych innym jezykiem.

Pelnego przekladu Biblii na j. lacinski, zwanego Wulgata, dokonano na przelomie IV i V w. n.e. Przypisuje sie go sw. Hieronimowi. Sobor trydencki obradujacy w XVI w. uznal ten przeklad za tekst obowiazujacy w kosciele rzymsko-katolickim.

Na jezyki narodowe tlumaczono Pismo swiete juz w wiekach srednich. Z doby tej dochowaly sie dwa pelne tlumaczenia najpiekniejszej ksiegi, Psalterza: "Psalterz florianski" z konca w. XIV i "Psalterz pulawski", najprawdopodobniej z poczatku w. XVI.

Istnialo tez tlumaczenie Biblii z wieku XV noszace nazwe Biblii krolowej Zofii lub szaroszpatackiej.

Prawdziwy renesans przekladow Pisma sw. zaczal sie w XVI w., co przede wszystkim bylo zwiazane z reformacja.

Do najwybitniejszych tlumaczen psalmow Dawida naleza: * przeklad calosci proza Mikolaja Reja znany z wydania w r. 1555, zapewne nie pierwszego
* niezwykle piekne tlumaczenie wierszem Jana Kochanowskiego, ktore po ukazaniu sie w 1580 r. "Melodii na Psalterz polski" Mikolaja Gomolki, na trwale zagoscilo w kosciolach katolickich i protestanckich.

Z czasem siegnieto do Nowego Testamentu. Pierwsi zabrali sie do tego luteranie z Prus Wschodnich. W latach 1551-1553 pojawily sie, oglaszane czesciami, poczawszy od czterech Ewangelii, tlumaczenia Jana Murzynowskiego.

Pierwsze calkowite anonimowe tlumaczenie calego Nowego Testamentu wyszlo w 1556 r. u Szarffenberga w Krakowie.

Wreszcie podjeto trud tlumaczenia calej Biblii, ktorego efektem staly sie przeklady: � katolicki, tj. Biblia Jana Leopolity (1561), � kalwinski, Biblia brzeska, czyli radziwilowska (1563), � ariansko-socynianski, Biblia nieswieska, Szymona Budnego (1572).

Przelom wiekow XVI i XVII przyniosl pelne katolickie tlumaczenie Pisma sw. zwane Biblia Wujka (1599).O wadze tej pracy moze swiadczyc fakt, ze przeklad ten zastapiony zostal w liturgii Kosciola dopiero w okresie II Watykanskiego Soboru Biblia Tysiaclecia wydana w 1965.

The Book of Matthew

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Chapter 19



1: And it came to pass, that when Jesus had finished these sayings, he departed from Galilee, and came into the coasts of Judaea beyond Jordan;

2: And great multitudes followed him; and he healed them there.

3: The Pharisees also came unto him, tempting him, and saying unto him, Is itlawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?

4: And he answered and said unto them, Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female,
Gen 1:27 Mark 10:6

5: And said, For this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife:and they twain shall be one flesh?
Gen 2:24 Mark 10:71 Cor 6:16Eph 5:31

6: Wherefore they are no more twain, but one flesh. What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder.

7: They say unto him, Why did Moses then command to give a writing of divorcement, and to put her away?
Dt 24:1
8: He saith unto them, Moses because of the hardness of your hearts suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning itwas not so.

9: And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.

10: His disciples say unto him, If the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry.

11: But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given.

12: For there are some eunuchs, which were so born from their mother's womb: and there are some eunuchs, which were made eunuchs of men: and there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven's sake. He that is able to receive it, let him receive it.

13: Then were there brought unto him little children, that he should put his hands on them, and pray: and the disciples rebuked them.

14: But Jesus said, Suffer little children, and forbid them not, to come unto me: for of such is the kingdom of heaven.

15: And he laid his hands on them, and departed thence.

16: And, behold, one came and said unto him, Good Master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life?

17: And he said unto him, Why callest thou me good? there is none good but one, that is, God: but if thou wilt enterinto life, keep the commandments.

18: He saith unto him, Which? Jesus said, Thou shalt do no murder,Thou shalt not commit adultery,Thou shalt not steal,Thou shalt not bear false witness,
Ex 20:13-16 Dt 5:17-20

19: Honour thy father and thy mother: and, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
Ex 20:12 Lev 19:18 Deut 5:16Matt 5:43Matt 22:39Mark 12:31Rom 13:9Gal 5:14Jam 2:8

20: The young man saith unto him, All these things have I kept from my youth up: what lack I yet?

21: Jesus said unto him, If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell that thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalthave treasure in heaven: and come and follow me.

22: But when the young man heard that saying, he went away sorrowful: for he had great possessions.

23: Then said Jesus unto his disciples, Verily I say unto you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the kingdom of heaven.

24: And again I say unto you, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God.

25: When his disciples heard it, they were exceedingly amazed, saying, Who then can be saved?

26: But Jesus beheld them, and said unto them, With men this is impossible; but with God all things are possible.

27: Then answered Peter and said unto him, Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall we have therefore?

28: And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelvethrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

29: And every one that hath forsaken houses, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name's sake, shall receive an hundredfold, and shall inherit everlasting life.

30: But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first.
Matthew 20



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